martes, 12 de abril de 2011

Vocabulary#3

Adenine: a purine, attached to thymine.
Bacteriophage: category of viruses to infect bacterial cells.
Cloning: identical copy of DNA or an organism.
Cytosine: pyrimidine.
Deoxytibonucleic Acid: molecule of inheritance.
DNA ligase: enzyme that seals new-base pairings.
DNA polymerase: enzyme of replication that assembles a new strand of DNA on a parent.
DNA repair: enzyme mediated- process that fixes alterations in a DNA strand by restoring the original sequence.
DNA  replication: process by which cell duplicates its DNA molecules before dividing.
Guanine: nitrogen base in one of four nucleotide of DNA and RNA.
Nucelotide: organic compound with deixyrobosue, nitrogen base and phosphate group.
Thymine: one of the nucleotides in DNA.

X-Ray diffraction image: x-rays that reveals position of atoms, not the molecular structure.

Anticodon: series of 3 neucleotide of bases in RNA.
Base sequence: sequential order of DNA or RNA.
Base-pair sustitution: amina-acid replacement during protein synthesis.


Mutation rate: probability that a spontanous mutation will occur.

Messenger RNA: single stand of ribonucleotides from DNA.
ionizing radiation: high-energy wavelenghts.


Intron: noncoding portion of pre-mRNA.
Insertion: insertion of one to a few bases into a DNA.
Genetic Code: correspondance between nucleotide sequence of DNA.
Gene Mutation: a small change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.
Exon: base sequence of a mRNA transcript that will be translated.
Deletion: loss of a segment of a chromosome; loss of one to a few bases on a DNA.
Codon: 64 possibilities base triplets in a mRNA strand.

Carcinogen: any substance that can trigger cancer.


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